نمونه سوالات mccq1که من در toronto notes 2007 دارم.
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1. The subendothelium is the most vulnerable segment of the heart from an ischemic standpoint. The major reason for this is: a) the highest oxygen utilization is in the subendocardium b) coronary flow to the subendocardium occurs almost completely during diastole whereas other regions receive some flow during systole as well c) the subendocardium has a diminished aerobic capacity d) there is less potential for collateralization to the subendocardium e) the ratio of capillary to myocyte is less in the subendocardium than in other regions |
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2. Impaired coronary flow reserve is associated with each of the following conditions EXCEPT: a) severe aortic stenosis b) severe systemic hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy c) severe mitral stenosis in the presence of atrial fibrillation d) a totally occluded coronary artery but with excellent collateral supply from the contralateral (i.e. opposite) coronary artery e) an isolated 30% diameter stenosis of a coronary artery |
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3. Which of the following would NOT be part of your plan for the treatment of acute ventricular fibrillation? a) electrical defibrillation b) lidocaine c) epinephrine d) bretylium e) manganese |
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4. Which of the following is not an aggravating factor of congestive heart failure? a) hypertension b) thyrotoxicosis c) alcohol d) inactivity e) arrhythmia |
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5. Which of the following is true about congenital heart block in neonatal lupus erythematosus? a) it is associated with maternal anti-Ku autoantibodies b) it is transient c) the majority of patients will require a pacemaker d) there is no increased risk of connective tissue disease in adulthood e) the risk of mortality is small |
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6. Endocarditis in an I.V. drug user: a) is equally prevalent to that of the normal population b) is commonly located in the mitral valve c) is typically caused by S. pneumoniae d) is typically found on the tricuspid valve e) is typically found on the aortic valve, producing a systolic ejection murmur |
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7. Nitroglycerin administered sublingually may contribute to the relief of myocardial ischemic pain by each of the following mechanisms EXCEPT: a) coronary vasodilation b) decreased venous pooling resulting in increased cardiac preload c) reduced systemic vascular resistance d) reduced ventricular volume |
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8. A 48 year-old male is brought to the ED with CPR being administered. The ECG shows electrical activity present but you cannot palpate a carotid pulse. Which of the following is not on the differential for pulseless electrical activity? a) hypotension b) hypokalemia c) cardiac tamponade d) hypothermia e) tension pneumothorax |
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9. Which of the following is not a surgically correctable cause of hypertension? a) aortic coarctation b) renal artery atherosclerosis c) pheochromocytoma d) primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn syndrome) e) none of the above |
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10. Which of the following findings is inconsistent with cardiac tamponade? a) hypotension b) pulsus paradoxus c) Kussmaul sign d) jugular venous distension e) muffled heart sounds |
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11. Which of the following is the most common cardiac manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus? a) Myocarditis b) Pericarditis c) myocardial infarction d) mitral valve prolapse |
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Answers: 1. B 2. E 3. E 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A
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